Intel CPUs - Revision history

Tetrium: /* Celeron */

2020-10-18T14:11:14Z

‎Celeron

Michael Dale at 10:24, 17 April 2018

2018-04-17T10:24:30Z

Michael Dale: /* Socket 1,2,3 */

2015-12-27T11:54:33Z

‎Socket 1,2,3

Michael Dale: /* Socket 4 */

2015-12-27T11:32:48Z

‎Socket 4

Michael Dale: /* Socket 1,2,3 */

2015-12-24T22:14:37Z

‎Socket 1,2,3

Michael Dale: /* 80386 */

2015-12-24T21:58:23Z

‎80386

Tetrium at 18:07, 24 December 2015

2015-12-24T18:07:15Z

Tetrium at 22:09, 22 December 2015

2015-12-22T22:09:08Z

Michael Dale at 08:11, 22 October 2015

2015-10-22T08:11:03Z

Anonymous Coward: /* Socket 1,2,3 */

2014-05-22T06:13:31Z

‎Socket 1,2,3

@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 Celeron cores were made for Slot 1.
-The first one was the Covington, which was basically a Pentium II without it's cache chips and the lack of any L2 cache had such a bad impact on performance that Intel quickly released a second core, Mendocino, featuring 128KB L2 cache.
+The first one was the Covington, which was basically a Pentium II without its cache chips and the lack of any L2 cache had such a bad impact on performance that Intel quickly released a second core, Mendocino, featuring 128KB L2 cache.
 Only 2 speed grades of Covington were made, running at 266MHz and 300MHz before it was quickly replaced by Intels next Celeron incarnation.
 Mendocino was made available from 300MHz up to 433MHz when Mendocino moved back to a socketed solution (becoming Socket 370)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:24, 17 April 2018
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	== 80286 ==		== 80286 ==
		+
		+	[[File:Intel_286_10MHz.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|Intel 286 CPU]]
		+

	== 80386 ==		== 80386 ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:54, 27 December 2015
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	== Socket 1,2,3 ==		== Socket 1,2,3 ==
		+
		+	[[File:Intel_CPU_removal_tool.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|Intel CPU removal tool for Low insertion force (LIF) sockets]]
		+
		+
	First introduced in 1989 the Intel 486 CPU originally fit into a 168-pin PGA socket. After the introduction of the 486SX (and rebranding of the 486 to 486DX) Intel introduced "Socket 2" which was included an extra row of pins around the 168-pin socket that was supposed to be an upgrade path to Pentium technology. However, the main advantage of using the new socket was "Zero Insertion Force" or ZIF technology that allowed the CPUs to be removed easily without any tools. Socket 3 was more or less the same as Socket 2 except that it optionally supported 3V operation. The extra row of pins used in both socket were only used for extra voltage and grounding. The Pentium (POD63, POD83) upgrades didn't come out until 1996, and ironically didn't fully work in the majority of older systems that were claimed to support them. With the exception of the Pentium Overdrives, any 486 CPU can work in any 486 Socket as long as a voltage regulator is used with the 3V chips.		First introduced in 1989 the Intel 486 CPU originally fit into a 168-pin PGA socket. After the introduction of the 486SX (and rebranding of the 486 to 486DX) Intel introduced "Socket 2" which was included an extra row of pins around the 168-pin socket that was supposed to be an upgrade path to Pentium technology. However, the main advantage of using the new socket was "Zero Insertion Force" or ZIF technology that allowed the CPUs to be removed easily without any tools. Socket 3 was more or less the same as Socket 2 except that it optionally supported 3V operation. The extra row of pins used in both socket were only used for extra voltage and grounding. The Pentium (POD63, POD83) upgrades didn't come out until 1996, and ironically didn't fully work in the majority of older systems that were claimed to support them. With the exception of the Pentium Overdrives, any 486 CPU can work in any 486 Socket as long as a voltage regulator is used with the 3V chips.

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 == Socket 4 ==
-[[File:Pentium_66.jpg|200px|thumb||Pentium 66]]
+[[File:Pentium_66.jpg|200px|thumb||Pentium 66 (Socket 4)]]
 Socket 4 was released around 1993 and housed the very first real Pentium processor. Very few different CPU's have been made to fit this socket, which is limited to the Pentium 60MHz, the Pentium 66MHz and the obscure Pentium Overdrive which ran at either 120MHz or 133MHz.

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 In addition to the standard 486 chips, Intel also marketed a separate line of "Overdrive" chips. The first generation of overdrives weren't really necessary as they were merely 486DX2s with fancy heatsinks and a slightly modified pinout. Before ZIF sockets became common, most 486 boards had second special "487" or "Overdrive" sockets to take these overdrive chips. However, they all work fine in a standard 486 socket with a few changes to the motherboard jumpers. DX4 overdrives included integrated VRMs for use on older 5V motherboards, however they were multiplier locked.
-[[File:Intel_486_DX4_100MHz_Overdrive.jpg|200px|thumb|486DX/4 100MHz]]
+[[File:Intel_486_DX4_100MHz_Overdrive.jpg|200px|thumb|486DX/4 100MHz Overdrive]]
 == Socket 4 ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:58, 24 December 2015
Line 7:		Line 7:

	== 80386 ==		== 80386 ==
		+
		+	[[File:Intel_386_and_387.jpg\|200px\|thumb\|Intel 386 and 387 Coprocessor]]

	== Socket 1,2,3 ==		== Socket 1,2,3 ==

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 Pentium MMX CPUs arrived in 166, 200, 233MHz versions (66MHz x2.5, x3.0, x3.5).
-''Note that mobile Pentium MMX processors ran at up to 300Mhz speed, however, they had a different core (Tillamook) and a different packaging.''
+''Note that mobile Pentium MMX processors ran at up to 300Mhz speed, however, they had a different core (Tillamook) and usually a different packaging. There are Tillamook Pentiums in the same Socket 7 package as the later Pentium MMX chips, but it's proven difficult to get these running in desktop boards as the system will often not boot correctly without disabling the CPU cache. Possibly these chips can run with it's caches all enabled using a motherboard with Intels own 430TX chipset, but finding details about this is sketchy''
 Comparing to Pentium Classic, they have different core (P55C) with lesser 0.28 µm process. L1 cache was doubled (32KB vs 16KB). A new set of instructions called MultiMedia eXtensions was introduced, although the software to use them started to appear only by the time Pentium MMX processors were severely outdated.
@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 As these CPU's (other than the 1x multiplier in earlier versions) are multiplier-locked, these CPU's aren't commonly used for retro-rigs
 == Socket 370 ==
 [[File:Pentium3_1400.JPG|200px|thumb||Pentium 3 1400MHz]]

@@ Line 55: / Line 55: @@
 VIA also made [[VIA CPUs|a variety of CPU's for this socket]], though compatibility is somewhat sketchy.<br>
 As this CPU socket went through a couple revisions, not all Socket 370 CPU's will work in any given Socket 370 motherboard, even though they will mechanically fit. Generally speaking there are 3 different types of motherboards using this socket:The early Celeron Mendocino-only motherboards (usually limited to a 66MHz FSB), the Coppermine capable motherboards (having a maximum FSB of either 100MHz or 133MHz) and the Tualatin capable motherboards. Sometimes Tualatin capable motherboards have their CPU socket colored blue instead of the usual white.
 To prevent usage of newer CPU's in older motherboards, Intel switched a couple pins around to prevent operation of Coppermine CPU's in the earliest Celeron-only boards and Intel repeated that trick when it started manufacturing Tualatin CPU's. This prevented the use of later chips in older motherboards, even if the right (lower) voltage could be supplied by the motherboard.

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:11, 22 October 2015
Line 3:		Line 3:

	Even though in modern days, Intel CPU's only fit in Intel sockets and the other way around, in the old days there was a wide variety of manufacturers for any given CPU socket.		Even though in modern days, Intel CPU's only fit in Intel sockets and the other way around, in the old days there was a wide variety of manufacturers for any given CPU socket.
		+
		+	== 80286 ==
		+
		+	== 80386 ==

	== Socket 1,2,3 ==		== Socket 1,2,3 ==

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 First introduced in 1989 the Intel 486 CPU originally fit into a 168-pin PGA socket. After the introduction of the 486SX (and rebranding of the 486 to 486DX) Intel introduced "Socket 2" which was included an extra row of pins around the 168-pin socket that was supposed to be an upgrade path to Pentium technology. However, the main advantage of using the new socket was "Zero Insertion Force" or ZIF technology that allowed the CPUs to be removed easily without any tools. Socket 3 was more or less the same as Socket 2 except that it optionally supported 3V operation. The extra row of pins used in both socket were only used for extra voltage and grounding. The Pentium (POD63, POD83) upgrades didn't come out until 1996, and ironically didn't fully work in the majority of older systems that were claimed to support them. With the exception of the Pentium Overdrives, any 486 CPU can work in any 486 Socket as long as a voltage regulator is used with the 3V chips.
-The first generation of intel 486 chips were 5V and made at 1 micron with 8kb of write-through L1 cache. The second generation were normally 0.8 micron. 486DX2s support clock doubling (40,50,66MHz). 486SX has the math coprocessor removed. The 487SX was advertised as a math-coprocessor for a 486SX but was esentially a full blown 486DX with a slightly modified pinout. The third generation of Intel CPUs ran at 3.3V. The 3V version of the 486DX2 retained the 8kb write through cache. The Intel DX4 introduced clock tripling, despite having a name which supports clock quadrupling. Additionally, it sported 16kb writethrough or writeback cache (depending on the model), as well as some ALU enhancements used in Pentium chips. Although the DX4 was only produced in 75 and 100MHz versions, the 100MHz part normally ran about as fast as an am486DX4-120. Intel DX4s had a multiplier jumper and could be set in either 2X or 3X modes. In some cases it is possible run them on a 50MHz bus (in 2X mode). Intel documentation and some motherboards mention support for a 2.5X multiplier setting, however this was removed before the design was finalized. The 2.5X mode was originally meant to be used in a 486DX3-63,83 (2.5X clock) but these were deemed to be unmarketable.
+The first generation of intel 486 chips were 5V and made at 1 micron with 8kb of write-through L1 cache. The second generation were normally 0.8 micron. 486DX2s support clock doubling (40,50,66MHz). 486SX has the math coprocessor removed. The 487SX was advertised as a math-coprocessor for a 486SX but was esentially a full blown 486DX with a slightly modified pinout. The third generation of Intel CPUs were 0.6 micron and ran at 3.3V. The 3V version of the 486DX2 retained the 8kb write through cache. The Intel DX4 introduced clock tripling, despite having a name which implies clock quadrupling. Additionally, it sported 16kb writethrough or writeback cache (depending on the model), as well as some ALU enhancements used in Pentium chips. Although the DX4 was only produced in 75 and 100MHz versions, the 100MHz part normally ran about as fast as an am486DX4-120. Intel DX4s had a multiplier jumper and could be set in either 2X or 3X modes. In some cases it is possible run them on a 50MHz bus (in 2X mode). Intel documentation and some motherboards mention support for a 2.5X multiplier setting, however this was removed before the design was finalized. The 2.5X mode was originally meant to be used in a 486DX3-63,83 (2.5X clock) but these were deemed to be unmarketable.
 In addition to the standard 486 chips, Intel also marketed a separate line of "Overdrive" chips. The first generation of overdrives weren't really necessary as they were merely 486DX2s with fancy heatsinks and a slightly modified pinout. Before ZIF sockets became common, most 486 boards had second special "487" or "Overdrive" sockets to take these overdrive chips. However, they all work fine in a standard 486 socket with a few changes to the motherboard jumpers. DX4 overdrives included integrated VRMs for use on older 5V motherboards, however they were multiplier locked.